<!ELEMENT sonett (author,title,lines)>
<!ATTLIST sonett type CDATA >
<!ELEMENT author (last-name, first-name,nationality, year-of-birth)>
<!ELEMENT last-name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT first-name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT first-name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT nationality (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT yeart-of-birth (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT title    (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lines line+ >
<!ELEMENT line (#PCDATA)>

// einfacher DOM-Parser
// zum Parsen und Anzeigen von Dokumenten 
//					.xml
//					.html
// 8.7.00 AG

import java.io.*;
import org.w3c.dom.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;

public class Parser1
{
	
public static void main( String [] arg )
{
	if( arg.length != 1 )
	{
		System.out.println( "\nDateiname der XML?");
		System.exit(0);
	}
	String DateiName = arg[0];
	try
	{
	Document D = DocumentBuilderFactory
			.newInstance()
			.newDocumentBuilder()
			.parse(new File( DateiName ));
	dokumentAnzeigen( D );
	}	
	catch( Exception e )
	{
	System.out.println( "XML-Datei nicht gef. od. sonst. Fehler");
	System.exit(0);
	} 

}

static void dokumentAnzeigen( Document docu )
{
	Element E = docu.getDocumentElement();
	System.out.print( E );
}
}

// einfacher validierender DOM-Parser
// zum Parsen und Anzeigen von Dokumenten .xml
//	falls sie ein DTD vorzuweisen haben				
//	und dieses korrekt umgesetzt wird	
//	benutzt ParserValError.class		 
// 18.7.00 AG

import java.io.*;
import org.w3c.dom.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;

public class ParserVal
{
	
public static void main( String [] arg )
{
	if( arg.length != 1 )
	{
		System.out.println( "\nDateiname der XML?");
		System.exit(0);
	}
	String DateiName = arg[0];
	ParserValError PVE = new ParserValError();
	try
	{
	DocumentBuilderFactory DBF = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
	DBF.setValidating(true);
	DocumentBuilder DB =DBF.newDocumentBuilder();
	DB.setErrorHandler( PVE );
	Document D = DB.parse(new File( DateiName ));
	dokumentAnzeigen( D );
	}
	catch( org.xml.sax.SAXParseException spe )
	{
	System.out.println( "\n\n"+spe.toString());
	}
	catch( Exception e )
	{
	System.out.println( e.toString());
	System.out.println( "XML-Datei nicht gef. od. sonst. Fehler");
	System.exit(0);
	} 
}

static void dokumentAnzeigen( Document docu )
{
	Element E = docu.getDocumentElement();
	System.out.print( E );
}
}

// ErrorHAndler fuer den einfachen validierenden DOM-Parser
// beendet den Parser wenn DTD falsch oder fehlend
// mit einer Fehlermeldung von SAXParseException
//
// 19.7.00 AG

import org.xml.sax.*;

public class ParserValError extends Throwable 
				implements org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler
{

public void fatalError(SAXParseException sx)  
{
}
public void error(SAXParseException e) throws SAXParseException 
{
	throw e;
}
public void warning(SAXParseException err)   
{
}
} 

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------||
// XmlDoc.java                                                           ||
//                                                                           ||
// This code generates an XML document from a portion of a DOM tree.         ||
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------||
// Written 17 February 2000 by Doug Tidwell.                                 ||
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------||
//   siehe:  http://www.ibm.com/software/developer/library/servlets-and-xml/ ||
//-----umgebaut 7.7.00 AG----------------------------------------------------||

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import org.w3c.dom.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;

public class XmlDoc
{
Document doc = null;
  Element author = null;
  Element lines = null;
  Element title = null;
static public void main(String [] args )
{
	XmlDoc XD = new XmlDoc();
	XD.doc = XD.neuesDoc();
	XD.printDOMTree(XD.doc);
}
public Document neuesDoc()
  {
	DocumentBuilderFactory docBFac;
	DocumentBuilder docBuild;
	try
	{
	docBFac = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
	docBuild = docBFac.newDocumentBuilder();
	doc = docBuild.newDocument();
	}
	catch( Exception e )
	{
	System.out.println("Dokument konnte nicht erzeugt werden");
	}
	if (doc != null)
	{
        Element root = doc.createElement("sonnet");
        root.setAttribute("type", "Shakespearean");
  
        author = doc.createElement("author");
  
        Element lastName = doc.createElement("last-name");
        lastName.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Shakespeare"));
        author.appendChild(lastName);
  
        Element firstName = doc.createElement("first-name");
        firstName.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("William"));
        author.appendChild(firstName);
  
        Element nationality = doc.createElement("nationality");
        nationality.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("British"));
        author.appendChild(nationality);
  
        Element yearOfBirth = doc.createElement("year-of-birth");
        yearOfBirth.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("1564"));
        author.appendChild(yearOfBirth);
  
        Element yearOfDeath = doc.createElement("year-of-death");
        yearOfDeath.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("1616"));
        author.appendChild(yearOfDeath);
  
        root.appendChild(author);

        title = doc.createElement("title");
        title.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Sonnet 130"));
        root.appendChild(title);

        lines = doc.createElement("lines");

        Element line01 = doc.createElement("line");
        line01.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("My mistress' eyes are 
nothing like the sun,"));
        lines.appendChild(line01);

        Element line02 = doc.createElement("line");
        line02.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Coral is far more 
red than her lips red."));
        lines.appendChild(line02);

        Element line03 = doc.createElement("line");
        line03.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("If snow be white, 
why then her breasts are dun,"));
        lines.appendChild(line03);

        Element line04 = doc.createElement("line");
        line04.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("If hairs be wires, 
black wires grow on her head."));
        lines.appendChild(line04);

        Element line05 = doc.createElement("line");
        line05.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("I have seen roses 
damasked, red and white,"));
        lines.appendChild(line05);

        Element line06 = doc.createElement("line");
        line06.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("But no such roses 
see I in her cheeks."));
        lines.appendChild(line06);

        Element line07 = doc.createElement("line");
        line07.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("And in some perfumes 
is there more delight"));
        lines.appendChild(line07);

        Element line08 = doc.createElement("line");
        line08.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Than in the breath 
that from my mistress reeks."));
        lines.appendChild(line08);

        Element line09 = doc.createElement("line");
        line09.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("I love to hear her 
speak, yet well I know"));
        lines.appendChild(line09);

        Element line10 = doc.createElement("line");
        line10.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("That music hath a 
far more pleasing sound."));
        lines.appendChild(line10);

        Element line11 = doc.createElement("line");
        line11.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("I grant I never 
saw a goddess go,"));
        lines.appendChild(line11);

        Element line12 = doc.createElement("line");
        line12.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("My mistress when 
she walks, treads on the ground."));
        lines.appendChild(line12);

        Element line13 = doc.createElement("line");
        line13.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("And yet, by Heaven, 
I think my love as rare"));
        lines.appendChild(line13);

        Element line14 = doc.createElement("line");
        line14.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("As any she belied 
with false compare."));
        lines.appendChild(line14);

        root.appendChild(lines);

        doc.appendChild(root);
	
      }
	return doc;
  }
/** Prints the specified node, recursively. */
public void printDOMTree(Node node ) 
  {
    int type = node.getNodeType();
    switch (type)
    {
      // print the document element
      case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE: 
        {
          printDOMTree(((Document)node).getDocumentElement() );
          break;
        }

        // print element with attributes
      case Node.ELEMENT_NODE: 
        {
          System.out.print("<");
           System.out.print(node.getNodeName());
          NamedNodeMap attrs = node.getAttributes();
          for (int i = 0; i < attrs.getLength(); i++)
          {
            Node attr = attrs.item(i);
            System.out.print(" " + attr.getNodeName() + 
                      "=\"" + attr.getNodeValue() + 
                      "\"");
          }
          System.out.print(">");

          NodeList children = node.getChildNodes();
          if (children != null)
          {
            int len = children.getLength();
            for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
              printDOMTree(children.item(i));
          }

          break;
        }

        // handle entity reference nodes
      case Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE: 
        {
          System.out.print("&");
          System.out.print(node.getNodeName());
          System.out.println(";");
          break;
        }

        // print cdata sections
      case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE: 
        {
          System.out.print("<![CDATA[");
          System.out.print(node.getNodeValue());
          System.out.println("]]>");
          break;
        }

        // print text
      case Node.TEXT_NODE: 
        {
          System.out.print(node.getNodeValue());
          break;
        }

        // print processing instruction
      case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE: 
        {
          System.out.println("<?");
          System.out.print(node.getNodeName());
          String data = node.getNodeValue();
          {
            System.out.print(" ");
            System.out.print(data);
          }
          System.out.println("?>");
          break;
        }
    }

    if (type == Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
    {
      System.out.print("</");
      System.out.print(node.getNodeName());
      System.out.println('>');
    }
  } // DOMTree(Node, PrintWriter)

}

// aus dem SUN-Tutorial 
//http://java.sun.com/xml/docs/tutorial/sax/2a_echo.html
// 
//liest XML oder HTML und stellt die Struktur dar

import java.io.*;
import org.xml.sax.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;  
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;

public class Echo extends HandlerBase
{
	static private Writer out;
	private String indentString = "    "; 
	private int indentLevel = 0;


public static void main (String argv[])
{
	
	if (argv.length != 1) 
	{
		System.err.println ("Usage: cmd filename");
		System.exit (1);
        }
        try 	
	{
        SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
	out = new OutputStreamWriter (System.out, "UTF8");
	SAXParser saxParser = factory.newSAXParser();
	saxParser.parse( new File(argv [0]), new Echo() );
        } 
	catch (Throwable t) 
	{
	t.printStackTrace ();
        }
        System.exit (0);
}

public void startDocument() throws SAXException
{
        nl();
        nl(); 
        emit ("START DOCUMENT");
        nl(); 
	emit ("<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>");
}

public void endDocument () throws SAXException
{
	nl(); 
	emit ("END DOCUMENT");
	try 
	{
	nl();
	out.flush ();
        } 
	catch (IOException e) 
	{
	throw new SAXException ("I/O error", e);
        }
}

public void startElement (String name, AttributeList attrs)
    throws SAXException
{
	indentLevel++;
	nl(); 
	emit ("ELEMENT: ");
        emit ("<"+name);
        if (attrs != null) 
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < attrs.getLength (); i++) 
		{             
			nl(); 
                emit("   ATTR: ");
                emit (attrs.getName (i));
                emit ("\t\"");
                emit (attrs.getValue (i));
                emit ("\"");
		}
        }
	if (attrs.getLength() > 0) nl();
        emit (">");
}

public void endElement (String name) throws SAXException
{
	nl(); 
        emit ("END_ELM: ");
	emit ("");
	indentLevel--;
}

public void characters (char buf [], int offset, int len)
    throws SAXException
{
	nl(); 
	emit ("CHARS:   ");     
	String s = new String(buf, offset, len);
        if (!s.trim().equals("")) emit (s);
}

private void emit (String s) throws SAXException
{
	try 
	{
        out.write (s);
        out.flush ();
	} 
	catch (IOException e) 
	{
        throw new SAXException ("I/O error", e);
	}
}

private void nl () throws SAXException
{
	 String lineEnd =  System.getProperty("line.separator");
	try 
	{
	out.write (lineEnd);
	for (int i=0; i < indentLevel; i++) 
		out.write(indentString);
	} 
	catch (IOException e) 
	{
	throw new SAXException ("I/O error", e);
        }
}
}

ganz einfacher SaxParser

//
// Vereinfachte Version des o.g. Parsers: Handler-Klasse separat
// erfordert Handler.class 
// zeigt das Sax-Parsen von XML- und HTML-Dokumenten
// die Tags und Inhalte werden angezeigt
//
// umgebaut 9.7.00 AG

import java.io.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;  
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;

public class Sax2 
{
	
public static void main (String argv[])
{
	
	if (argv.length != 1) 
	{
		System.err.println ("Usage: cmd filename");
		System.exit (1);
        }
        try 	
	{
	SAXParser saxParser = 
			SAXParserFactory.newInstance().newSAXParser();
	saxParser.parse( new File(argv [0]), new Handler() );
        } 
	catch (Throwable t) 
	{
	t.printStackTrace ();
        }
        System.exit (0);
}
}

//Handler fuer den SaxParser Sax2.class
//
// bringt nur Tags und Inhalte aber keine Attribute(?)
// 9.7.00 AG

import org.xml.sax.HandlerBase;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.AttributeList;

public class Handler extends HandlerBase
{

public void startDocument() 
{
        System.out.println("BEGINN DOKUMENT\n");
}

public void endDocument ()  
{
	System.out.println("\nENDE DOKUMENT");
}

public void startElement (String name, AttributeList attrs)
{
	System.out.print("<"+name+">");
}

public void endElement (String name)  
{
	System.out.println("");
}
public void characters (char buf [], int offset, int len)
{
	String s = new String(buf, offset, len);
        System.out.print(s);
}

}

// Handler fuer den SaxParser SonettSax.class
// zur Ausgabe von Sonetten in XML-Dateien
// 
// unterscheidet anhand eines Attributs verschiedene Sonett-Typen 
// und macht entsprechende Zeilenumbrueche
// 14.7.00 AG

import org.xml.sax.HandlerBase;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.AttributeList;

public class SonettHandler extends HandlerBase
{
	String Sonnettyp = null;
	boolean ausgeben = false;
	int zeilen[][]  = {{4,3,2,1, 4,3,2,1, 4,3,2,1, 2,1},
		             {4,3,2,1, 4,3,2,1, 3,2,1, 3,2,1}};
	int t = 1;
	int i = 0;

public void startDocument() 
{
	System.out.println();
}

public void endDocument ()  
{
}

public void startElement (String name, AttributeList attrs)
{
	if( name.equals("sonnet"))
	{
		Sonnettyp = attrs.getValue("type");
		if( Sonnettyp.equals("Shakespearean"))
			t = 0;
	}
	if( name.equals("line"))
		ausgeben = true;
	if( name.equals("/line"))
		ausgeben = false;
}

public void endElement (String name)  
{
	if( name.equals("line"))
	{
		int z = zeilen[t][i];
		if( z == 1 )
			System.out.println( "\n");
		i++;
	}
}
public void characters (char buf [], int offset, int len)
{
	if( ausgeben == true )
	{
		String s = new String(buf, offset, len);
        	System.out.print(s);
	}
}

}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------||
// xmlfromdom.java                                                           ||
//                                                                           ||
// This code generates an XML document from a portion of a DOM tree.         ||
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------||
// Written 17 February 2000 by Doug Tidwell.                                 ||
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------||
//                                                                           ||
// (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 1999, 2000.  All rights reserved.                 ||
//                                                                           ||
// US Government Users Restricted Rights Use, duplication or                 ||
// disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.         ||
//                                                                           ||
// The program is provided "as is" without any warranty express or           ||
// ll not be liable for any third party claims against you.                ||
//
// siehe:  http://www.ibm.com/software/developer/library/servlets-and-xml/||
//-----umgebaut 7.7.00 AG----------------------------------------------------||

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import org.w3c.dom.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;

public class xmlfromdom extends HttpServlet 
{
  Document doc = null;
  Element author = null;
  Element lines = null;
  Element title = null;
 
public void initialize()
  {
	DocumentBuilderFactory docBFac;
	DocumentBuilder docBuild;
	try
	{
	docBFac = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
	docBuild = docBFac.newDocumentBuilder();
	doc = docBuild.newDocument();
	}
	catch( Exception e )
	{}
	 
    if (doc != null)
      {
        Element root = doc.createElement("sonnet");
        root.setAttribute("type", "Shakespearean");
  
        author = doc.createElement("author");
  
        Element lastName = doc.createElement("last-name");
        lastName.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Shakespeare"));
        author.appendChild(lastName);
  
        Element firstName = doc.createElement("first-name");
        firstName.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("William"));
        author.appendChild(firstName);
  
        Element nationality = doc.createElement("nationality");
        nationality.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("British"));
        author.appendChild(nationality);
  
        Element yearOfBirth = doc.createElement("year-of-birth");
        yearOfBirth.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("1564"));
        author.appendChild(yearOfBirth);
  
        Element yearOfDeath = doc.createElement("year-of-death");
        yearOfDeath.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("1616"));
        author.appendChild(yearOfDeath);
  
        root.appendChild(author);

        title = doc.createElement("title");
        title.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Sonnet 130"));
        root.appendChild(title);

        lines = doc.createElement("lines");

        Element line01 = doc.createElement("line");
        line01.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("My mistress' 
		eyes are nothing like the sun,"));
        lines.appendChild(line01);

        Element line02 = doc.createElement("line");
        line02.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Coral is far 
		more red than her lips red."));
        lines.appendChild(line02);

        Element line03 = doc.createElement("line");
        line03.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("If snow be white, 
		why then her breasts are dun,"));
        lines.appendChild(line03);

        Element line04 = doc.createElement("line");
        line04.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("If hairs be wires, 
		black wires grow on her head."));
        lines.appendChild(line04);

        Element line05 = doc.createElement("line");
        line05.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("I have seen roses 
		damasked, red and white,"));
        lines.appendChild(line05);

        Element line06 = doc.createElement("line");
        line06.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("But no such roses 
		see I in her cheeks."));
        lines.appendChild(line06);

        Element line07 = doc.createElement("line");
        line07.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("And in some perfumes 
		is there more delight"));
        lines.appendChild(line07);

        Element line08 = doc.createElement("line");
        line08.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("Than in the breath 
		that from my mistress reeks."));
        lines.appendChild(line08);

        Element line09 = doc.createElement("line");
        line09.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("I love to hear her 
		speak, yet well I know"));
        lines.appendChild(line09);

        Element line10 = doc.createElement("line");
        line10.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("That music hath a 
		far more pleasing sound."));
        lines.appendChild(line10);

        Element line11 = doc.createElement("line");
        line11.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("I grant I never 
		saw a goddess go,"));
        lines.appendChild(line11);

        Element line12 = doc.createElement("line");
        line12.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("My mistress when 
		she walks, treads on the ground."));
        lines.appendChild(line12);

        Element line13 = doc.createElement("line");
        line13.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("And yet, by Heaven, 
		I think my love as rare"));
        lines.appendChild(line13);

        Element line14 = doc.createElement("line");
        line14.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("As any she belied 
		with false compare."));
        lines.appendChild(line14);

        root.appendChild(lines);

        doc.appendChild(root);
      }
  }

  /** Prints the specified node, recursively. */
  public void printDOMTree(Node node, PrintWriter out) 
  {
    int type = node.getNodeType();
    switch (type)
    {
      // print the document element
      case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE: 
        {
          printDOMTree(((Document)node).getDocumentElement(), out);
          break;
        }

        // print element with attributes
      case Node.ELEMENT_NODE: 
        {
          out.print("<");
          out.print(node.getNodeName());
          NamedNodeMap attrs = node.getAttributes();
          for (int i = 0; i < attrs.getLength(); i++)
          {
            Node attr = attrs.item(i);
            out.print(" " + attr.getNodeName() + 
                      "=\"" + attr.getNodeValue() + 
                      "\"");
          }
          out.print(">");

          NodeList children = node.getChildNodes();
          if (children != null)
          {
            int len = children.getLength();
            for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
              printDOMTree(children.item(i), out);
          }

          break;
        }

        // handle entity reference nodes
      case Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE: 
        {
          out.print("&");
          out.print(node.getNodeName());
          out.print(";");
          break;
        }

        // print cdata sections
      case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE: 
        {
          out.print("<![CDATA[");
          out.print(node.getNodeValue());
          out.print("]]>");
          break;
        }

        // print text
      case Node.TEXT_NODE: 
        {
          out.print(node.getNodeValue());
          break;
        }

        // print processing instruction
      case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE: 
        {
          out.print("<?");
          out.print(node.getNodeName());
          String data = node.getNodeValue();
          {
            out.print(" ");
            out.print(data);
          }
          out.print("?>");
          break;
        }
    }

    if (type == Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
    {
      out.print("</");
      out.print(node.getNodeName());
      out.print('>');
    }
  } // printDOMTree(Node, PrintWriter)

public void service(HttpServletRequest request,
                      HttpServletResponse response)
    throws IOException, ServletException
{
	if (doc == null)
		initialize();

	response.setContentType("text/xml");
	PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
    
	
    out.println("<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?>");

    
      printDOMTree(doc, out);
  }
}